Telecommunications bring the potential to improve both the quality of and access to health care in the remotest areas of the developing world. Telemedicine offers solutions for emergency medical assistance, long distance consultation, administration and logistics, supervision and quality assurance and education and training for health-care professionals and providers. Telehealth in the Developing World aims to balance the relative lack of published information on successful telehealth solutions in the developing world. It is written for all e-health and telehealth proponents interested in learning about, or contributing to the implementation of, appropriate solutions for 80% of the world's population. Topics featured include: Teledermatology in Cambodia Telepediatrics in Chechnya Telepathology in India - using digital cameras and email HealthNet networks in Nepal Medical missions for Children in Mongolia International HIV/AIDS discussion lists The Aga Khan Telehealth Network in Pakistan Access to mobile phones and internet in the Philippines Exchanging X-ray images in Ghana Web-based oncology registries and a virtual oncology hospital in Brazil Surgical training in the developing world The iPath international email network

Rapid progress in health research has led to generation of new knowledge and innovative practices in management of illness. This has resulted in a significant challenge for health professionals: if today we discovered a new therapy through research, when will this discovery be regularly prescribed or utilized to treat all patients suffering from this condition? Knowledge translation is the non-linear and often complicated process of translating knowledge into routine health practices. Technology enabled knowledge translation (TEKT) is the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) to accelerate knowledge translation. With the ubiquity of the internet, the proliferation of different approaches in communication and social networking, and the continuously improving technologies from netbooks to smartphones, there are rich opportunities for TEKT in health education, service delivery, and research.

Rapid progress in health research has led to generation of new knowledge and innovative practices in management of illness. This has resulted in a significant challenge for health professionals: if today we discovered a new therapy through research, when will this discovery be regularly prescribed or utilized to treat all patients suffering from this condition? Knowledge translation is the non-linear and often complicated process of translating knowledge into routine health practices. Technology enabled knowledge translation (TEKT) is the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) to accelerate knowledge translation. With the ubiquity of the internet, the proliferation of different approaches in communication and social networking, and the continuously improving technologies from netbooks to smartphones, there are rich opportunities for TEKT in health education, service delivery, and research.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Health Information Science, HIS 2014, held in Melbourne, Australia, in May 2015. The 20 full papers and 5 short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions. The scope of the papers includes medical/health/biomedicine information resources such as patient medical records, devices and equipments, software and tools to capture, store, retrieve, process, analyze, and optimize the use of information in the health domain; data management, data mining, and knowledge discovery, all of which play a key role in decision making, management of public health, examination of standards, privacy and security issues; computer visualization and artificial intelligence for computer aided diagnosis; development of new architectures and applications for health information systems.